在 OceanBase 数据库的日常运维中，内存占用异常是极易引发业务故障的高频问题。近期我们遇到一例典型场景：某业务执行 insert all 语句时频繁报内存超限错误，租户 SqlExecutor 模块内存占用飙升至近 200G，直接触发 OCP 告警。今天就带大家拆解问题根源，给出落地可行的解决方案！
问题现象
当insert all into tab语句中存在大量的into tab values子句，执行SQL报错ERROR 4013 (HY001): No memory or reach tenant memory limit，ocp告警中出现OBServer内存分配出错的告警信息。
告警详情：[OBServer 内存分配出错] 集群：yx_arm_clu01，主机：10.xx.xx.52，日志类型：observer，日志文件：/home/admin/oceanbase/log/observer.log，日志级别：WARN，关键字=No memory or reach tenant memory limit.*\[OOPS\]=，错误码=4013，日志详情=[2026-02-12 13:12:15.495254] WARN common_alloc (ob_tenant_ctx_allocator.cpp:464) [2490563][pnio1][T0][YB420A50A235-00062BA62D7FC190-0-0] [lt=6][errcode=-4013] No memory or reach tenant memory limit([OOPS]="alloc failed reason", msg=tenant memory has reached the upper limit(tenant_id: 1016, tenant_hold: 247389028352, tenant_limit: 247390116250, alloc_size: 2097152))。
OCP租户 SQL诊断 TOP SQL如下
SQL示例语句如下：
insert all into tab (col1, col2) values ('a', 1) into tab (col1, col2) values ('b', 2) into tab (col1, col2) values ('c', 3) select * from dual;
OBServer日志内存信息如下，DEFAULT_CTX_ID的内存占用高达近200G。
[2026-02-12 11:46:18.507119] INFO [LIB] operator() (ob_malloc_allocator.cpp:567) [2490491][MemDumpTimer][T1016][Y0-0000000000000000-0-0] [lt=7] [MEMORY] tenant: 1016, limit: 247,390,116,250 hold: 231,218,413,568 rpc_hold: 0 cache_hold: 178,257,920 cache_used: 178,257,920 cache_item_count: 85 [MEMORY] ctx_id= DEFAULT_CTX_ID hold_bytes=208,756,539,392 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= MEMSTORE_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 1,679,818,752 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= TRANS_CTX_MGR_ID hold_bytes= 4,194,304 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= PLAN_CACHE_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 18,944,884,736 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= WORK_AREA hold_bytes= 100,663,296 limit= 49,478,023,240[MEMORY] ctx_id= GLIBC hold_bytes= 153,092,096 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= CO_STACK hold_bytes= 603,979,776 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= META_OBJ_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 161,480,704 limit= 49,478,023,240[MEMORY] ctx_id= TX_CALLBACK_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 538,968,064 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= LOB_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 2,097,152 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= PS_CACHE_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 12,582,912 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= RPC_CTX_ID hold_bytes= 2,097,152 limit= 247,390,116,200[MEMORY] ctx_id= TX_DATA_TABLE hold_bytes= 71,368,704 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY] ctx_id= MDS_DATA_ID hold_bytes= 8,388,608 limit= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593265 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbfff30f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593266 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbfff39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593269 used= 0 hold= 2,097,152 pm=0xffbfff19f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593274 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffed0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593275 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffed9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593281 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe99f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593280 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe90f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593283 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe70f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593285 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe46f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593286 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe50f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593288 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe26f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593289 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe30f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593290 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593291 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe06f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593292 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe10f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593294 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffde6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593296 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdf9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593297 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdc6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593298 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdd0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593301 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdb0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593302 used= 18,780,424,224 hold= 18,935,578,624 pm=0xffbffdb9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593305 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd99f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593309 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd46f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593310 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd50f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593314 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593318 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffce6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593319 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffcf0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID:[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593292 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffe10f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593294 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffde6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593296 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdf9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593297 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdc6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593298 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdd0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593301 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffdb0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593302 used= 18,780,424,224 hold= 18,935,578,624 pm=0xffbffdb9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593305 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd99f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593309 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd46f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593310 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd50f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593314 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffd39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593318 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffce6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593319 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffcf0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593320 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffcf9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593322 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffcd0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593326 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffcb9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593329 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffc99f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593331 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffc70f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593332 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffc79f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593334 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffc50f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593335 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffc59f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593338 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffc39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593342 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffbe6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593344 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffbf9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593345 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffbc6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593349 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffbb0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593351 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffb86f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593355 used= 95,993,336,496 hold= 96,785,399,808 pm=0xffbffb70f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593357 used= 37,978,587,072 hold= 38,292,488,192 pm=0xffbffb46f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593361 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffb30f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593362 used= 25,274,339,360 hold= 25,483,083,776 pm=0xffbffb39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593364 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffb10f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593366 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffae6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593367 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffaf0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593368 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffaf9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593369 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffac6f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593371 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffad9f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593373 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffab0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593375 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffa86f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593380 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffa79f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593383 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffa59f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593384 used= 14,166,628,288 hold= 14,283,374,592 pm=0xffbffa26f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593385 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbffa30f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593386 used= 8,319,744 hold= 8,388,608 pm=0xffbffa39f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID[MEMORY][PM] tid= 593391 used= 0 hold= 4,194,304 pm=0xffbff9f0f000 ctx_name=DEFAULT_CTX_ID
集群sys租户内存性能视图GV$OB_MEMORY结果如下
MySQL [oceanbase]> select * from GV$OB_MEMORY where tenant_id=1016 order by used;+-----------+--------------+----------+-------------------------------+-----------------+---------+--------------+--------------+| TENANT_ID | SVR_IP | SVR_PORT | CTX_NAME | MOD_NAME | COUNT | HOLD | USED |+-----------+--------------+----------+-------------------------------+-----------------+---------+--------------+--------------+| 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | UNEXPECTED_IN_500 | KvstorCacheMb | 0 | 0 | 0 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | TX_CALLBACK_CTX_ID | KvstorCacheMb | 0 | 0 | 0 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | TX_CALLBACK_CTX_ID | KvstorCacheMb | 0 | 0 | 0 |...| 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | MEMSTORE_CTX_ID | Memstore | 516 | 1073676288 | 1073185056 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | PLAN_CACHE_CTX_ID | SqlPhyPlan | 305793 | 6853178816 | 6360646353 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | MEMSTORE_CTX_ID | Memstore | 4879 | 10152067072 | 10147422264 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | DEFAULT_CTX_ID | MysqlRequesReco | 4895 | 10261233664 | 10256201088 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | MEMSTORE_CTX_ID | Memstore | 5122 | 10657693696 | 10652817552 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | DEFAULT_CTX_ID | MysqlRequesReco | 5226 | 10949967872 | 10944596352 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | DEFAULT_CTX_ID | MysqlRequesReco | 5273 | 11047763968 | 11042344320 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | PLAN_CACHE_CTX_ID | SqlPhyPlan | 1010678 | 17699686016 | 16976458135 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | PLAN_CACHE_CTX_ID | SqlPhyPlObj | 815592 | 19348716992 | 19077125294 || 1016 | 10.xx.xx.52 | 2882 | DEFAULT_CTX_ID | SqlExecutor | 94760 | 199055097856 | 198953370500 |+-----------+--------------+----------+-------------------------------+-----------------+---------+--------------+--------------+878 rows in set (0.010 sec)
SQL执行时发现SqlExecutor模块的内存出现膨胀，随着会话连接的关闭，内存也会进行释放。
gv$ob_sql_audit中SQL执行耗时GET_PLAN_TIME的值较大，接近ELAPSED_TIME的时间，REQUEST_MEMORY_USED的内存值达到了90G。
select * from gv$ob_sql_audit where sql_id in ('66B25AF9022FD543841E0CF9A1934B53','CC8F9BD89C362010C9A1D07E4DB54A82') limit 10\G;*************************** 3. row *************************** SVR_IP: 10.xx.xx.52 SVR_PORT: 2882 REQUEST_ID: 11626260613 SQL_EXEC_ID: 18113079752 TRACE_ID: YB420A50A234-00062AD3381FAF22-0-0 SID: 3221811103 CLIENT_IP: 10.xx.xx.52 CLIENT_PORT: 22156 TENANT_ID: 1016 TENANT_NAME: xxx_t02 EFFECTIVE_TENANT_ID: 1016 USER_ID: 515777 USER_NAME: xxx_user USER_GROUP: 0 USER_CLIENT_IP: 192.xx.xx.23 DB_ID: 515778 DB_NAME: xxx_DBO SQL_ID: 66B25AF9022FD543841E0CF9A1934B53 QUERY_SQL: insert all into TBL_SCM_FLOW_TOUCH_QUOTA (LIST_ID,ONE_ID,NODE_ID,ACTIVITY_CODE) values...into TBL_SCM_FLOW_TOUCH_QUOTA (LIST_ID,ONE_ID,NODE_ID,ACTIVITY_CODE) values ( 7592334943, 'cabee4de-3c3b-412b-a73f-26b1486ba805', '23612587c9ae441895077e67c8d43954', '52b701b93 PLAN_ID: 0 AFFECTED_ROWS: 0 RETURN_ROWS: 0 PARTITION_CNT: 0 RET_CODE: -5066 QC_ID: 0 DFO_ID: 0 SQC_ID: 0 WORKER_ID: 0 EVENT: P1TEXT: P1: 0 P2TEXT: P2: 0 P3TEXT: P3: 0 LEVEL: 0 WAIT_CLASS_ID: 100 WAIT_CLASS#: 0 WAIT_CLASS: OTHER STATE: MAX_WAIT TIME ZERO WAIT_TIME_MICRO: 0 TOTAL_WAIT_TIME_MICRO: 0 TOTAL_WAITS: 0 RPC_COUNT: 0 PLAN_TYPE: 0 IS_INNER_SQL: 0 IS_EXECUTOR_RPC: 0 IS_HIT_PLAN: 0 REQUEST_TIME: 1770826483379082 ELAPSED_TIME: 48045733798 NET_TIME: 0 NET_WAIT_TIME: 8 QUEUE_TIME: 61 DECODE_TIME: 1 GET_PLAN_TIME: 48045713897 EXECUTE_TIME: 76 APPLICATION_WAIT_TIME: 0 CONCURRENCY_WAIT_TIME: 0 USER_IO_WAIT_TIME: 0 SCHEDULE_TIME: 0 ROW_CACHE_HIT: 0 BLOOM_FILTER_CACHE_HIT: 0 BLOCK_CACHE_HIT: 0 DISK_READS: 0 RETRY_CNT: 0 TABLE_SCAN: 0 CONSISTENCY_LEVEL: -1 MEMSTORE_READ_ROW_COUNT: 0 SSSTORE_READ_ROW_COUNT: 0 DATA_BLOCK_READ_CNT: 0 DATA_BLOCK_CACHE_HIT: 0 INDEX_BLOCK_READ_CNT: 0 INDEX_BLOCK_CACHE_HIT: 0 BLOCKSCAN_BLOCK_CNT: 0 BLOCKSCAN_ROW_CNT: 0PUSHDOWN_STORAGE_FILTER_ROW_CNT: 0 REQUEST_MEMORY_USED: 98880409680 EXPECTED_WORKER_COUNT: 0 USED_WORKER_COUNT: 0 SCHED_INFO: NULL FUSE_ROW_CACHE_HIT: 0 PS_CLIENT_STMT_ID: -1 PS_INNER_STMT_ID: -1 TX_ID: 0 SNAPSHOT_VERSION: 0 REQUEST_TYPE: 2 IS_BATCHED_MULTI_STMT: 0 OB_TRACE_INFO: NULL PLAN_HASH: 0 LOCK_FOR_READ_TIME: 0 PARAMS_VALUE: RULE_NAME: PARTITION_HIT: 1 TX_INTERNAL_ROUTING: 0 TX_STATE_VERSION: 0 FLT_TRACE_ID: NETWORK_WAIT_TIME: 03 rows in set (58.455 sec)ERROR: No query specified
问题原因
insert all into values 类型 SQL 后跟大量多行数据时，在硬解析时，内存膨胀，另外行数不固定，可能导致不能命中 plan_cache，出现并发硬解析时，同时占用内存就很大，导致租户内存被挤占。
规避方案
- 改写为insert into values 多行，控制500-1000条提交一次，避免一次插入条数调大。
影响版本
数据库版本：OceanBase 4.2.1.10
租户模式：OB_Oracle
参考资料
执行内存占用高问题汇总-OceanBase数据库使用指南
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